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Proactive Approaches For Arabic, Russian and Portuguese Translation to English

Although the literal meaning of translation is to carry over, to transfer from one to another, or in other words to shift the medium, it is usually used to express rendering of one language into another. We have to underline the role of the characteristics of a good translation in the literary sense and of the influence of one literature on another throughout centuries. Undoubtedly, there were occasions when translations were produced for utilitarian purposes and not for the sake of art. One of the hypotheses about the origin of translations is that they were undertaken out of educational purposes – to communicate new ideas and new facts to a badly informed public who did not care much about artistic form.

But such translations are of low artistic value. The role of the translator is not to produce a collection of the exact counterparts of the words, used by the author of the original text. A good translation must covey the same meaning as a whole and inspire the same feelings as the document created by the author of the text. Had Martin Luther’s Russian Translation Services of the Bible been a literal word-for-word translation, it is highly unlikely that the true intended meanings would have been conveyed.Or, let us examine some examples of Russian-English translations. The Russian system of nomenclature differs from the one other countries do and it can be traced in any Arabic Translation Services. Russians address people by their first and their father’s name, which can be easily seen in the English translation of “Anna Karenina”, for example. In the Russian system of addressing people some inflexions are added to the name of the father, therefore, Vladimir, the son of Peter will be called Vladimir Petrovich. We can guess that an English speaking person will find such a way of addressing people quite exotic and strange. That is why there is a new trend in Portuguese to English Translation – to keep to the system of nomenclature of the target language for patronimic adds no significant artistic value to the text.

Every medium carries its own difficulty of translation.. It is more difficult and arbitrary to translate poetry compared to translating a scientific and factual text. If the translator understands the subject matter, of course. A legal translation is considered to be much easier compared to the translation of fiction. There is no need to mention, that this will require training and experience in the legal sphere. The translator must be fluent in manipulating legal terminology and understand differences in legal systems between countries. The language of legal translation does not need to be refined or of artistic value. When translating a legal text it is more important to find the exact correspondence of the terms rather than to achieve artistic value for the reading enjoyment of the audience. Certainly, one translator can be good at translating both legal and literary texts, however, he or she must be trained and experienced in the specific set of skills each type of translation requires.

We can find numerous translations of the Bible from Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek. What was dominant in Christianity in the Middle Ages was the Latin Vulgate. Since then, the Bible has been translated into many more languages. For example, attempts the Bible to be translated into English have been made for over a millennium.

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